1. The symptoms may be a consequence of early embryo impairment, embryopathy or chromosomal aberration.

2. PRENATAL Diagnosis helps us to prevent chromosome anomalies, embryopathies, malformations in the foetus and congenital illnesses, using techniques such as chorionic biopsies, amniocentesis and funiculocentesis.

3. Caudal regression syndrome (CRS), also known as Caudal regression sequence, Caudal dysplasia, Caudal aplasia, femoral hypoplasia, phocomelic diabetic embryopathy, or sacral agenesis, is a spectrum of anomalies involving the Caudal end of the trunk

4. Anticonvulsant drugs taken during pregnancy put the baby at risk of major birth defects-- growth retardation, microcephaly (a small head) and deformities of the face and fingers -- a condition known as Anticonvulsant embryopathy.